CALCIFICATION

WHAT IS CALCIFICATION?

Calcification causes considerable shoulder joint pain. It occurs when there is a build-up of calcium in the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff works to stabilise the humeral head in the shoulder socket. When calcium accumulates in one of the tendons, the rotator cuff is not able to function normally. The calcium deposits trigger inflammation and can also lead to impingement.

What are the symptoms of shoulder calcifications- calcific tendinitis of the shoulder?

Symptoms of calcification include:

Shoulder pain
Difficulty in moving the shoulder
Pain irradiating down the arm and very seldom to the hand
Pain worsens as you move/rotate your shoulder
Shoulder stiffness
Poor and limited range of motion

What causes calcification?

Several factors can contribute to the development of calcification:

Age
Trauma
Chronic inflammation may eventually result in calcification.
Metabolic disorders, such as hyperparathyroidism or abnormal calcium metabolism, can increase the risk of calcification.
Genetics

How do you diagnose shoulder calcific tendonitis?

After analysing your medical history and symptoms, a specialised orthopaedic surgeon will conduct a physical exam to assess the motion of your shoulder as well as its stability. Afterwards, your surgeon carries out an x-ray to identify the position and size of the calcification.

How do you treat calcific tendinitis of the shoulder?

Treatment for calcification depends on the severity of the condition and its impact on the patient's daily life. Is it reasonable to attempt non-surgical treatment for calcific tendinitis consisting of:

Anti-inflammatory medication
Physiotherapy
Rest
Cortisone injections
Lavage therapy (barbotage) attempts to wash out the calcium deposits.

If the pain continues, shoulder surgery in the form of an arthroscopic clean-up of the calcification provides permanent pain relief. Dr Pirjol specialises in minimally invasive surgical techniques aimed at removing or repairing the calcified tissue while preserving surrounding structures. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive treatment that uses shock waves to break down calcifications and promote tissue healing.

FAQ

The extent of calcification and its impact on the affected tissues will determine whether it is a permanent condition. In some cases, with appropriate treatment and management, symptoms of calcification can be alleviated or controlled.

There is a possibility of calcification recurring, especially if underlying factors such as chronic inflammation or metabolic disorders are not addressed. Following post-treatment recommendations and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help minimise the risk of recurrence.

Recovery time from calcification treatment varies depending on the severity of the condition and the chosen treatment approach. Patients may experience relief from symptoms within weeks to months following treatment, but full recovery may take longer, especially with surgical interventions.

DR GABRIEL PIRJOL

ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEON DURBAN